483-76-1 | Page 7 of 10 | Heterocyclic Building Blocks-Benzoxazole

Hadian, Zahra’s team published research in Food Chemistry in 2023-03-01 | CAS: 483-76-1

Preparation, characterization, and antioxidant activity of ¦Â-cyclodextrin nanoparticles loaded Rosa damascena essential oil for application in beverage. Recommended basis is Cadinene. Products is: https://www.ambeed.com/products/189165-77-3.html, 51905-84-1

1. Trivial name: delta-Cadinene.
2. It’s mainly derived from flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco and flavoured tobacco, it has a strong aroma and a good fixing effect, suitable for perfume, cosmetics, can also be used in wine, cigarettes, and toothpaste.
. Recommended Products is: 29350-73-0 and 51905-84-1.

Rosa damascena essential oil (REO) is volatile and unstable. The host-guest complex of beta-cyclodextrin nanoparticles (¦Â-CD) with REO was produced to improve REO characteristics. The REO/¦Â-CD complex was characterized by entrapment efficiency, morphol., crystallinity, particle size, thermal stability, and antioxidant activity. Addnl., the structure of REO/¦Â-CD was evaluated using Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FT-IR) and NMR (NMR). Results confirmed the formation of REO/¦Â-CD in which the REO, as a guest mol., was entrapped within the ¦Â-CD as a host mol. The encapsulated particles showed a spherical shape with an average diameter of 110 nm and no strong agglomerate. The entrapment of REO within ¦Â-CD led to changes in some physicochem. characteristics and enhancement of the antioxidant activity of REO. Furthermore, beverages with the addition of ¦Â-CD nanoparticle-loaded REO were produced. The beverage containing ¦Â-CD nanoparticle-loaded REO form showed significantly higher overall acceptability than samples containing free REO.

Referemce:
Benzoxazole – Wikipedia,
Benzoxazole | C7H5NO – PubChem

Marangoni, Janaine Alberto’s team published research in Journal of Ethnopharmacology in 2023-01-30 | CAS: 483-76-1

Geographical variation in the chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oil, micromorphology and histochemistry of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi. Recommended basis is Cadinene. Products is: https://www.ambeed.com/products/189165-77-3.html, 51905-84-1

Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Anacardiaceae) is rich in essential oil, distinguished by a predominance of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, it being widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammations. This study¡äs objective was to investigate the chem. composition of the essential oil of S. terebinthifolia (EOST) collected in six states of Brazil, evaluate its anti-inflammatory effects in mice, and analyze the histochem. and micromorphol. of leaves and stems.Aerial parts of S. terebinthifolia were collected in six states of Brazil, and the essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The histochem. and micromorphol. of leaves and stems were performed using standard reagents, light and field emission SEM, beyond energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The EOST were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity and hyperalgesia using the carrageenan-induced paw edema methodol. The EOST showed variation across the six states in its yield (0.40%-0.86%) and chem. composition: hydrocarbon monoterpenes (28.76%-47.73%), sesquiterpenes, (31.43%-41.76%), oxygenated monoterpenes (14.31%-19.57%), and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (4.87%-14.38%). Both ¦Á-pinene and limonene were predominant constituents of essential in five regions, except for one state where ¦Á-phellandrene and limonene were the dominant components. A comprehensive description of the leaf and stem micromorphol. and histochem. was performed. In the in vivo testing, all EOST samples exerted antiedematogenic and anti-hyperalgesic effects, when tested in a carrageenan-induced paw inflammation (mech. and thermal hyperalgesia) model with oral doses of 30 mg/kg. Our results indicate that the EOST samples collected in six Brazilian states differed in their chem. composition but not their anti-inflammatory and antihyperalgesic effects, which was correlated with the synergistic effect of its components, collaborating the etnhopharmacologycal use of this plant due to its an anti-inflammatory effect. Also, micromorphol. and histochem. of leaves and stems presented in this study provide anatomical and microchem. information, which aids species identification.

Referemce:
Benzoxazole – Wikipedia,
Benzoxazole | C7H5NO – PubChem

Delcarlo, Sofia Belen’s team published research in Food Control in 2022-08-31 | CAS: 483-76-1

Essential oil in vapor phase in combination with Enterococcus mundtii STw38 to improve refrigerated hake fillets shelf-life. Recommended basis is Cadinene. Products is: https://www.ambeed.com/products/189165-77-3.html, 51905-84-1

Essential oils (EOs) in vapor phase were applied together with the bacteriocinogenic strain Enterococcus mundtii STw38 to improve the shelf life of Argentinean hake -Merluccius hubbsi-. Evaluated EOs were oregano, thyme, rosemary, and lemongrass. In vitro results demonstrated their effectiveness against foodborne pathogen surrogate Listeria innocua, as well as against Lactobacillus plantarum, Shewanella putrefaciens, and fish indigenous biota. The most effective were oregano and lemongrass, showing the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration, and synergic activity when combined against L. innocua and S. putrefaciens. Furthermore, synergic mixtures promoted changes in target microorganisms cell wall. The composition of the volatile phase of a synergic EOs mixture showed a higher presence of oregano components. When applying the EOs alone in hake fillets, total bacteria count increased 3.3 log cycles whereas in the control system the increase was higher than 5 log cycles, and consumers evaluated similarly in taste and smell both the control and the EOs synergic mixtures When adding the most concentrated synergic mixture (0.147¦ÌL lemongrass/mL headspace and 0.195¦ÌL oregano/mL headspace) together with the bioprotective culture, in 7 days total bacteria count only increased 3 log cycles, showing the effectiveness of the use of EOs together with E. mundtii STw38.

Referemce:
Benzoxazole – Wikipedia,
Benzoxazole | C7H5NO – PubChem

Hosseinzadeh Rostam Kalaei, Mazaher’s team published research in Scientific Reports in 2022-12-31 | CAS: 483-76-1

Evaluation of foliar application of selenium and flowering stages on selected properties of Iranian Borage as a medicinal plant. Recommended basis is Cadinene. Products is: https://www.ambeed.com/products/189165-77-3.html, 51905-84-1

Many of the active constituents of drug or medicines were originally derived from medicinal plants. Iranian Borage are still being used in regular basis. Selenium (Se) is an essential mineral nutrient for animal and human growth. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of (2, 4, 8 and 16 mg L-1) of as sodium selenate (Na2SeO4) and as sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) on some important properties of Iranian Borage in factorial based on Randomized Complete Block Design via four steps: 2 true leaves stage, ten leaves, 2 wk and 1 wk before flowering. The traits were evaluated during flowering period. Results showed that the highest shoot fresh and dry weight and shoot length, total alkaloid, essential oil percentage were obtained by 4 mg L-1 sodium selenate at the end of flowering. In addition, 4 mg L-1 sodium selenate concentration significantly improved flower yield (diameter, number, weight). The plants were treated with 8 mg L-1 sodium selenate, the higher total phenols and flavonoids, antioxidant activity, soluble sugars, root and fresh weight was seen at end of flowering. When the plants were sprayed with 4 mg L-1 sodium selenite higher total chlorophyll was observed at full of flowering. 16 mg L-1 sodium selenite released the maximum Se acclimation in the petals. 20 composites were discovered containing -Pinene (23.61%) with sodium selenate in 4 mg L-1. Generally, selenium sources significantly improved morpho-physiol. and phytochem.

Referemce:
Benzoxazole – Wikipedia,
Benzoxazole | C7H5NO – PubChem

Hung, Nguyen Huy’s team published research in Natural Product Communications in 2022-06-30 | CAS: 483-76-1

Pesticidal activities of Callicarpa and Premna essential oils From Vietnam. Recommended basis is Cadinene. Products is: https://www.ambeed.com/products/189165-77-3.html, 51905-84-1

Mosquito-borne diseases are a consistent problem in Vietnam. Addnl., freshwater snail species are agricultural pests and are known to be intermediate hosts for several parasitic worms. There is a need for new and complementary botanical pesticidal agents for controlling these pests and essential oils have shown promise. In this work, essential oils from 2 species of Callicarpa (C. rubella and C. sinuata) and 4 species of Premna (P. chevalieri, P. corymbosa, P. maclurei, and P. tomentosa) were screened for mosquito larvicidal activity against Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus and for molluscicidal activity against 3 freshwater snail species, Gyraulus convexiusculus, Pomacea canaliculata, and Tarebia granifera. Callicarpa rubella essential oil showed exceptional larvicidal activity against Cx. quinquefasciatus with 24-h LC50 of 9.8¦Ìg/mL. In addition to C. rubella, the essential oils of P. chevalieri and P. tomentosa showed notable molluscicidal activities against P. canaliculata with LC90 values ¡Ü20¦Ìg/mL. These Callicarpa and Premna essential oils were all rich in sesquiterpenes and should be considered for continued investigation as botanical pesticidal agents.

Pesticidal activities of Callicarpa and Premna essential oils From Vietnam. Recommended basis is Cadinene. Products is: https://www.ambeed.com/products/189165-77-3.html, 51905-84-1

Referemce:
Benzoxazole – Wikipedia,
Benzoxazole | C7H5NO – PubChem

Farahmand, Atefeh’s team published research in Food Hydrocolloids in 2022-08-31 | CAS: 483-76-1

Droplet-based millifluidic technique for encapsulation of cinnamon essential oil: Optimization of the process and physicochemical characterization. Recommended basis is Cadinene. Products is: https://www.ambeed.com/products/189165-77-3.html, 51905-84-1

The “”millifluidic”” technique could be considered as a novel approach for encapsulation of bioactive compounds and has a promising perspective in the field of food engineering or pharmaceutical science. In this study, we aim to optimize the encapsulation of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) by droplet-based millifluidic technique with four responses: encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC), sphericity factor (SF) and size of calcium-alginate millicapsules. The effects of alginate concentration (20-30 g/L), flow rate of alginate (1-1.6 mL/min), and flow rate of CEO (0.6-0.8 mL/min) were considered by a Box-Behnken design. The best concentration of chitosan as a coating layer on the optimized samples was selected based on the Young modulus of millicapsules. The regression models showed the significant effect (p < 0.05) of the three variables on the characteristics of millicapsules. The optimal millicapsules with 3.58 ¡À 0.23 mm diameter and 0.96 ¡À 0.01 S F showed 98.96 ¡À 1.2% and 70.14 ¡À 1.8% EE and LC, resp. SEM images exhibited a rough external surface which changed to a rigid and smooth surface through the chitosan coating. The results of DSC and FTIR tests demonstrated the CEO entrapment in the millicapsules without any chem. interaction with the encapsulant materials. The disarray of crystallinity structure in XRD patterns revealed the successful encapsulation of CEO in the millicapsules. The non-Fickian case II in the mouth and small intestine and anomalous transport in the stomach were the main release mechanisms in the coated millicapsules. The release profile of CEO also fitted well with Ritger-Peppas model. Droplet-based millifluidic technique for encapsulation of cinnamon essential oil: Optimization of the process and physicochemical characterization. Recommended basis is Cadinene. Products is: https://www.ambeed.com/products/189165-77-3.html, 51905-84-1

Referemce:
Benzoxazole – Wikipedia,
Benzoxazole | C7H5NO – PubChem

Piechowiak, Tomasz’s team published research in Food Control in 2022-08-31 | CAS: 483-76-1

Quality and antioxidant activity of highbush blueberry fruit coated with starch-based and gelatine-based film enriched with cinnamon oil. Recommended basis is Cadinene. Products is: https://www.ambeed.com/products/189165-77-3.html, 51905-84-1

In this study, the effect of starch-based and gelatine-based edible coating containing cinnamon oil on selected quality parameters and the metabolism of antioxidants in highbush blueberry fruit, in terms of extending their shelf life were investigated. Research showed that the application of cinnamon oil to edible coating pos. influenced the quality of the fruit during storage. Coating with essential oil effectively inhibited the growth of yeast and mold in the fruit during storage. On the last day, the growth of yeast and mold in the fruit coated with cinnamon oil (10% COE) was 1.29 log cycles lower than in the control. Moreover, the essential oil reduced the loss of soluble solids but it did not significantly affect the acidity and weight loss of the fruit. Equally interesting was the effect of the coating with cinnamon oil on the antioxidant activity of the fruit. Blueberries coated with cinnamon oil were characterised by a lower ability to produce ROS, as well as a lower activity of antioxidant enzymes. On the final day, the level of ROS and the activity of SOD and CAT were lower than the control by 82%, 56% and 63% resp. The level of polyphenols in the fruit coated with cinnamon oil was higher than in the control up to the 5th day of storage. However, the level of anthocyanins in this sample gradually decreased as the storage period extended. After 10 days, the loss of anthocyanins in the fruit with essential oil was around 37%.

Referemce:
Benzoxazole – Wikipedia,
Benzoxazole | C7H5NO – PubChem

Gimenez-Martinez, Pablo’s team published research in Experimental Parasitology in 2022-07-31 | CAS: 483-76-1

Lethal concentrations of Cymbopogon nardus essential oils and their main component citronellal on Varroa destructor and Apis mellifera. Recommended basis is Cadinene. Products is: https://www.ambeed.com/products/189165-77-3.html, 51905-84-1

Varroosis is a disease caused by the mite Varroa destructor, and it is considered one of the biggest threats to honey bee populations globally. Mite control is centered on the use of synthetic acaricides, such as amitraz and flumethrine. However, high usage of these chems. is associated with a wide variety of undesirable effects on bee colonies, including the development of resistance and persistence of harmful residues of acaricides in hive products used by humans. Botanical extracts have been identified as a potentially suitable organic alternative to synthetic acaricides. Essential oils, such as clove, eucalyptus, lemongrass, and oregano, have been found to exhibit acaricidal activity against V. destructor. The main goal of this work was to assess the bioactivity of the Cymbopogon nardus essential oil from two different locations (Argentina and India), and the activity of its major component the monoterpene citronellal. According to our results, complete essential oil from India is more effective in controlling parasitosis than the isolated citronellal component. The essential oil of C. nardus from Argentina demonstrated promise for the control of varroosis, as well as exhibiting low toxicity against bees (LC50 = 11.84 ¦ÌL/mL). In addition, this essential oil may avoid the problems caused by synthetic acaricides, such as the emergence of resistance foci in Varroa and residues in hive products. Future research needs to investigate the delivery of volatile essentials oils to target mite populations.

Referemce:
Benzoxazole – Wikipedia,
Benzoxazole | C7H5NO – PubChem

Tavallali, Vahid’s team published research in Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (Issy-les-Moulineaux, France) in 2022-07-15 | CAS: 483-76-1

Developmental and phytochemical changes in pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) using exogenous application of polyamines. Recommended basis is Cadinene. Products is: https://www.ambeed.com/products/189165-77-3.html, 51905-84-1

Polyamines (PAs) are natural active compounds having more than two amino groups that play important roles in many physiol. and developmental processes in plants. The purpose of this research was to see how foliar polyamine spray affected growth and photosynthetic indexes, as well as secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity of the aqueous and methanolic extracts of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). The experiment lasted for three months and was arranged in a randomized complete design with four replications. Three sep. concentrations (0.5, 1 and 2.5 mM) of spermine (SPM), spermidine (SPD), and putrescine (PUT) were sprayed at four/five fully expanded leaf stage and some physiochem. attributes were evaluated. The treatments caused a significant increase in morphol. and photosynthetic parameters and total oil. There were also significant variations in total phenolic and flavonoid content. Compared to other polyamines, 1 mM SPD foliar spraying showed the greatest effect. Furthermore, the highest antioxidant capacity (DPPH* scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and ¦Â-carotene bleaching activity) was observed in the 1 mM SPD treatment. The results showed that the calendula essential oils (EOs) were rich in sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons (55.92-95.94%), with c-Cadinene and d-Cadinene as the major sesquiterpenes in the EOs. Also, the flowers were rich sources of carotenoids (lutein, flavoxanthin and luteoxanthin) following polyamines application. Hence, it can be inferred that polyamines specially spermidine would find a wide range of application in pharmaceutical industries due to its impact on antioxidant properties of phenolic and flavonoid compounds

Referemce:
Benzoxazole – Wikipedia,
Benzoxazole | C7H5NO – PubChem

Effah, Evans’s team published research in Scientific Reports in 2022-12-31 | CAS: 483-76-1

Exploring plant volatile-mediated interactions between native and introduced plants and insects. Recommended basis is Cadinene. Products is: https://www.ambeed.com/products/189165-77-3.html, 51905-84-1

In invasion scenarios, native and introduced species co-occur creating new interactions and modifying existing ones. Many plant-plant and plant-insect interactions are mediated by volatile organic compounds (VOCs), however, these have seldom been studied in an invasion context. To fill this knowledge gap, we explored some interactions mediated by VOCs between native and introduced plants and insects in a New Zealand system. We investigated whether a native plant, Leptospermum scoparium (manuka), changes its volatile profile when grown adjacent to two European introduced plants, Calluna vulgaris (heather) and Cytisus scoparius (Scotch broom), in a semi-field trial using potted plants without above- or below-ground phys. contact. We also investigated the influence of plant cues on the host-searching behavior of two beetles, the native Pyronota festiva (manuka beetle), and the introduced biocontrol agent Lochmaea suturalis (heather beetle), by offering them their host-plant and non-host volatiles vs. clean air, and their combination in a Y-tube olfactometer. As a follow-up, we performed preference/feeding tests in Petri dishes with fresh plant material. Results of the semi-field experiment show a significant reduction in green leaf volatiles, sesquiterpenes and total volatile emissions by manuka plants neighboring heather. In the Y-tube assays, the native beetle P. festiva performed poorly in discriminating between host and non-host plants based on plant volatile cues only. However, it performed relatively well in the Petri dish tests, where other cues (i.e., visual, gustatory or tactile) were present. In contrast, the introduced beetle L. suturalis showed high host-specificity in both Y-tube and Petri dish assays. This study illustrates the importance of VOCs in mediating interactions between introduced and native species, suggesting that invasive plants can disrupt native plants’ communication and affect the host-searching behavior of native insects. It also reinforces the relevance of regular host testing on introduced weed biocontrol agents to avoid unwanted host shifts or host-range expansion.

Referemce:
Benzoxazole – Wikipedia,
Benzoxazole | C7H5NO – PubChem